A progressive social reformer and activist, Jane Addams was on the frontline of the settlement house movement and was the first American woman to wina Nobel Peace Prize. In 2015, director Timothy Hines released 10 Days in a Madhouse, which also depicts Bly's harrowing experience in the asylum. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Unscrupulous employees bilked the firm of hundreds of thousands of dollars, troubles compounded by protracted and costly bankruptcy litigation. She moved to New York City in 1886, but found it extremely difficult to find work as a female reporter in the male-dominated field. ", Lutes, Jean Marie. She stayed up all night to give herself the wide-eyed look of a disturbed woman and began making accusations that the other boarders were insane. Unidentified African American woman in uniform, 1861. It was initially published as a series of articles for the New York World. [citation needed] The character of Lana Winters (Sarah Paulson) in American Horror Story: Asylum is inspired by Bly's experience in the asylum. The town was founded by her father, Michael Cochran, who provided for his family by working as a judge and landowner. The articles were subsequently collected in Six Months in Mexico (1888). Her work, which was later reprinted as a book titled Ten Days in a Mad House spurred a large-scale investigation of the institution as well as the much-needed improvements in health care. Nellie Bly married manufacturer Robert Seaman in 1895. How many children did Catherine Parr have? [8], As a young girl, Elizabeth often was called "Pinky" because she so frequently wore that color. The evening world. Though most of her works were based on throwing light at the appalling condition of women in the society, and the need to uplift them, she is best remembered for her work on an asylum expos in 1887 in which she faked insanity to get into a mental asylum and reported about the horrific condition of the mental patients. Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads, Name: Nellie Bly, Birth Year: 1864, Birth date: May 5, 1864, Birth State: Pennsylvania, Birth City: Cochran's Mills, Birth Country: United States. [21], It was not easy for Bly to be admitted to the Asylum: she first decided to check herself into a boarding house called "Temporary Homes for Females". Unable to maintain the land or their house, Blys family left Cochran's Mill. Activist journalists like Elizabethcommonly known as muckrakerswere an important part of reform movements. [43][44], In 2019, the Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation put out an open call for artists to create a Nellie Bly Memorial art installation on Roosevelt Island. In 2020, it was awarded to Claudia Irizarry Aponte, of THE CITY. Returning to Pittsburgh, she temporarily continued working for The Pittsburgh Dispatch before leaving for New York City in 1887. Nellie Bly PBS: American Experience, Accessed 23 March 23, 2017 http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/world/peopleevents/pande01.html, Life Story: Elizabeth Cochrane, aka Nellie Bly (1864-1922), Women & The American Story, New-York Historical Society Library and Museum, https://wams.nyhistory.org/modernizing-america/modern-womanhood/nellie-bly/. Nellie Bly, pseudonym of Elizabeth Cochrane, also spelled Cochran, (born May 5, 1864, Cochran's Mills, Pennsylvania, U.S.died January 27, 1922, New York, New York), American journalist whose around-the-world race against a fictional record brought her world renown. Her reporting not only raised awareness about mental health treatment and led to improvements in institutional conditions, it also ushered in an age of investigative journalism. How many siblings did Molly Pitcher have? In 1887 Cochrane left Pittsburgh for New York City and went to work for Joseph Pulitzers New York World. She was a pioneer in investigative journalism. [55], Anne Helm appeared as Nellie Bly in the November 21, 1960, Tales of Wells Fargo TV episode "The Killing of Johnny Lash". Second, she wanted to prove that women were capable of traveling just as well asif not better thanmen. Nellie Bly was known for her pioneering journalism, including her 1887 expos on the conditions of asylum patients at Blackwell's Island in New York City and her report of her 72-day trip around the world. Her expos of conditions among the patients, published in the World and later collected in Ten Days in a Mad House (1887), precipitated a grand-jury investigation of the asylum and helped bring about needed improvements in patient care. on New Yorks ills, such as corruption in the state legislature, unscrupulous employment agencies for domestic workers, and the black market for buying infants. Bly went on to patent several inventions related to oil manufacturing, many of which are still used today. Her straightforward yet compassionate approach to these issues captivated audiences. Born Elizabeth Cochran Seaman, Nellie Bly grew up in Pennsylvania in an area that is now a suburb of Pittsburgh. In 1895, Bly married millionaire manufacturer Robert Seaman. How many brothers and sisters did Ella Baker have? [26] She was interred at Woodlawn Cemetery in The Bronx, New York City. She went undercover to expose an insane asylums horrors. The column, which appeared in The Dispatch on February 1, 1885, was bylined "Nellie Bly.". Her father, Michael Cochran, owned a lucrative mill and served as associate justice of Armstrong County. How many siblings did Queen Liliuokalani have? How many sisters did Susan B. Anthony have? How many siblings did Elizabeth Blackwell have? [60], Bly has been featured as the protagonist of novels by David Blixt,[61] Marshall Goldberg,[62] Dan Jorgensen,[63] Carol McCleary,[64] Pearry Reginald Teo, Maya Rodale,[65] and Christine Converse. She only attended one year of boarding school, because the financial burden placed on the family following her father's death forced her to quit school. How many siblings did Lucretia Garfield have? [16] Cochrane originally intended that her pseudonym be "Nelly Bly", but her editor wrote "Nellie" by mistake, and the error stuck. Michael had 10 children with his first wife and five more with Mary Jane, who had no prior children. [53] In 2019, the Center for Investigative Reporting released Nellie Bly Makes the News, a short animated biographical film. She became one the leading women industrialists in the US and was the inventor of a novel milk can and a stacking garbage can, holding the patents for both. Unable to maintain the land or their house, Bly's family left Cochran's Mill. Now Nellie Bly is getting her due", "Young and Brave: Girls Changing History", "Into the Madhouse with Nellie Bly: Girl Stunt Reporting in Late Nineteenth-Century America", "Nellie Bly's Lessons in Writing What You Want To", "Ten Days in a Madhouse: The Woman Who Got Herself Committed", George Francis Train, The Bostonian Who Really Was Phileas Fogg, "Almost 100 Years After Her Death, Nellie Bly Is Back", "Nellie Bly, journalist, Dies of Pneumonia", "Industries Business History of Oil Drillers, Refiners", "Nellie Bly, Girl Reporter: Daredevil journalist", "Marching for the Vote: Remembering the Woman Suffrage Parade of 1913", "Elizabeth Jane Cochran National Women's Hall of Fame", "Four Accomplished Journalists Honored on U.S. Postage Stamps", "Nellie Bly Marguerite Higgins Ethel L. Payne Ida M. Tarbell March Women's History Month Lady Journalists on Postage Stamps", "Amanda Matthews of Prometheus Art Selected to Create Monument to Journalist Nelly Bly on Roosevelt Island, Press Release", "Monument honoring journalist Nellie Bly opens: "This installation is spiritual", "New York Press Club Announces its 2020 Journalism Award Winners", "Fearless Feminist Reporter Nellie Bly Hits the Big Screen", "Judith Light hopes 'The Nellie Bly Story' will prompt mental health discussions", "All the Real-Life Scary Stories Told on American Horror Story", "Ladyghosts: The West Wing 2.05, 'And It's Surely to Their Credit', "Nellie Bly Goes Undercover at Blackwell's Island", "What Girls are Good For: Happy birthday Nellie Bly", "What Girls Are Good For - A Novel Of Nellie Bly", "Author: There's gold in them thar southern Black Hills", "The Mad Girls of New York: A Nellie Bly Novel", "New Book Gives Rebel Girls The Bedtime Tales They Deserve", "Round the world with Nellie Bly The Worlds globe circler", "Adventurer's Park Family Entertainment Center Brooklyn, NY", "The nautical adventures of the Trillium ferry in Toronto", "Ann Arbor Native David Blixt Discovered a Cache of Long Lost Novels by Journalist-Adventurer Nellie Bly", "American Woman Imprisoned in Austria; Liberated When Identified by Dr. Friedman", 10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1601472, "Nellie Bly: Pioneer journalist extraordinaire", "Dislocating the Masculine: How Nellie Bly Feminised Her Reports", Library of Congress "Nellie Bly: A Resource Guide", The Daring Nellie Bly: America's Star Reporter, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nellie_Bly&oldid=1141296960, Burials at Woodlawn Cemetery (Bronx, New York), Indiana University of Pennsylvania alumni, Pennsylvania state historical marker significations, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from January 2023, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2020, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Elly Cochran, Elizabeth Jane Cochrane, and most commonly known as Nellie Bly as her pen-name, Information, photos and original Nellie Bly articles at, This page was last edited on 24 February 2023, at 09:53. How many siblings did Deborah Sampson have? Born in 1864, Bly was the thirteenth of 15 children in a family headed by Michael Cochran, a mill owner and county judge. Unfortunately, Bly did not manage the finances well and fell victim to fraud by employees that led the firm to declare bankruptcy. Nellie Bly Wikipedia. But Bly was hopeless at understanding the financial aspects of her business and ultimately lost everything. [66] David Blixt also appeared on a March 10, 2021 episode of the podcast Broads You Should Know as a Nellie Bly expert. Updates? Biography and associated logos are trademarks of A+E Networksprotected in the US and other countries around the globe. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. Site contains certain content that is owned A&E Television Networks, LLC. Sherwood, D., Gabriel, R., Brescovit, A. D. & Lucas, S. M. (2022). [45] The winning proposal, The Girl Puzzle by Amanda Matthews, was announced on October 16, 2019. With Christina Ricci, Judith Light, Josh Bowman, Anja Savcic. Her honest reporting about the horrors of workers lives attracted negative attention from local factory owners. claimed that women were best served by conducting domestic duties and called the working woman "a monstrosity." Bly switched back to reporting, later on writing stories on Europe's Eastern Front during World War I and the Woman Suffrage Parade of 1913. Bly went on to patent several inventions related to oil manufacturing, many of which are still used today. Her world tour made her a celebrity. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Her time was 72 days 6 hours 11 minutes 14 seconds. Just over seventy-two days after her departure from Hoboken, Bly was back in New York. Within her lifetime, Nellie Bly published three non-fiction books (compilations of her newspaper reportage) and one novel in book form. She moved to New York City in 1886, but found it extremely difficult to find work as a female reporter in the male-dominated field. Her plan was to graduate and find a position as a teacher. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Unfortunately, he died when Elizabeth was only six years old and his fortune was divided among his many children, leaving Elizabeths mother and her children with a small fraction of the wealth they once enjoyed. Her fathers death when she was quite young had left the Cochran family with meagre means. [9] In 1879, she enrolled at Indiana Normal School (now Indiana University of Pennsylvania) for one term but was forced to drop out due to lack of funds. The second-season episode "New York City" featured her undercover exploits in the Blackwell's Island asylum,[58] while the third-season episode "Journalism" retold the story of her race around the world against Elizabeth Bisland.[59]. In 1888, inspired by Jules Vernes 1873 novel Around the World in Eighty Days, Bly aimed to turn the fictional tale into reality. She completed the trip in 72 days, 6 hours, 11 minutes and 14 seconds, setting a new world record. How many siblings did Queen Elizabeth I have? When Bly was six, her father died suddenly and without a will. Early in life, she was compelled to speak truth to power when she testified on her mother's behalf against an abusive stepfather. Bly went on to gain more fame in 1889, when she traveled around the world in an attempt to break the faux record of Phileas Fogg, the fictional title character of Jules Verne's 1873 novel, Around the World in Eighty Days. How many children did Coretta Scott King have? Nellie (her pen name) is the best known of these children, and there is not much information about her 14 siblings. Nellie Bly had 14 siblings (10 half-siblings; 4 full blooded siblings). (June 2002) 217-253. "Nellie Bly." While still working as a writer, Bly died from pneumonia on January 27, 1922. He later became a merchant, postmaster, and associate justice at Cochran's Mills (which was named after him) in Pennsylvania. Her report of the horrifyingly appalling conditions prevailing inside the asylum was an eye-opener for the general public and authorities alike. Nellie Bly was born as Elizabeth Jane Cochran on May 5, 1864 in Cochrans Mills, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, to a mill worker Michael Cochran and his wife Mary Jane. Also around this time, she retired from journalism, and by all accounts, the couple enjoyed a happy marriage. "[18] She then traveled to Mexico to serve as a foreign correspondent, spending nearly half a year reporting on the lives and customs of the Mexican people; her dispatches later were published in book form as Six Months in Mexico. Popularly known by her pen name Nellie Bly, Elizabeth Cochran was an American journalist and writer who was a pioneer in the field of investigative journalism. Cochrans editor chose the name Nelly Bly from a Stephen Foster song. (New York, N.Y.), 14 Nov. 1889. Brief Life History of Jonathan J [74] From early in the twentieth century until 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad operated an express train named the Nellie Bly on a route between New York and Atlantic City, bypassing Philadelphia. Life Story: Elizabeth Cochrane, aka Nellie Bly (1864-1922), Women & The American Story, New-York Historical Society Library and Museum. How many siblings did Louisa May Alcott have? Bly looked for work to help support her family, but found fewer opportunities than her less-educated brothers. Nellie Bly was born Elizabeth Jane Cochran on May 5, 1864 in Cochrans Mill, Pennsylvania. In her later years, Bly returned to journalism, covering World War I from Europe and continuing to shed light on major issues that impacted women. Blys husband died in 1903, leaving her in control of the massive Iron Clad Manufacturing Company and American Steel Barrel Company. How many siblings did Patricia Bath have? . In 1887, at age 23, reporter Nellie Bly, working for Joseph Pulitzer, feigns mental illness to go undercover in notorious Blackwell's Island a woman's insane asylum to expose corruption, abuse and murder. When Robert died in 1904, Elizabeth briefly took over as president of his companies. This prompted Elizabeth to write a response under the pseudonym "Lonely Orphan Girl". Chicago- Norwood, Arlisha and Mariana Brandman. She also interviewed influential and controversial figures, including Emma Goldman in 1893. Bly accomplished her goal with days to spare, and, as with her experience in the asylum, her report became a book, Around the World in Seventy-Two Days (1890). In response to an article in the Pittsburg[h] Dispatch that criticized the presence of women in the workforce, Bly penned an open letter to the editor that called for more opportunities for women, especially those responsible for the financial wellbeing of their families. Nellie Bly was the most famous American woman reporter of the 19th century. She died of pneumonia on January 27, 1922. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nellie-Bly, Spartacus Educational - Biography of Nellie Bly, Social Welfare History Project - Biography of Nellie Bly, The MY HERO Project - Biography of Nellie Bly, National Women's History Museum - Biography of Nellie Bly, Nellie Bly - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Nellie Blys Book: Around the World in Seventy-two Days. . She started a new trend in reporting that earned her recognition as an undercover reporter. Writing for a newspaper wasn't considered "ladylike," and a fake name provided a veil of respectability between writer and public. National Women's History Museum, 2022. http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/bly/madhouse/madhouse.html. Combine Elizabeth Cochranes life story with the life stories of, Connect Elizabeth Cochranes work to that of fellow muckraker, Elizabeth Cochrane was one of many Americans who fought to eradicate what she perceived as the evils of modern life. However, not long after beginning her courses there, financial constraints forced Bly to table her hopes for higher education. How many siblings did Warren G. Harding have? Still only 21, she was determined "to do something no girl has done before. "Nellie Bly." She lived there as an international correspondent for the Dispatch for six months. [11], Burdened again with theater and arts reporting, Bly left the Pittsburgh Dispatch in 1887 for New York City. On the final lap of her journey, the World transported her from San Francisco to New York by special train; she was greeted everywhere by brass bands, fireworks, and like panoply. "[22] She refused to go to bed and eventually scared so many of the other boarders that the police were called to take her to the nearby courthouse. 1750. NASA on The Commons, via flickr, Home / Modernizing America, 1889-1920 / Modern Womanhood / Life Story: Nellie Bly. She also covered major stories like the march of Jacob Coxeys Army on Washington, D.C. and the Pullman strike in Chicago, both of which were 1894 protests in favor of workers rights. .css-m6thd4{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:Gilroy,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:bold;color:#323232;text-transform:capitalize;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-m6thd4:hover{color:link-hover;}}Who Is Dilbert Cartoonist Scott Adams? The majority of her writings were literary works. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. As one of few women and Asian musicians in the jazz world, Akiyoshi infused Japanese culture, sounds, and instruments into her music. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. She had several siblings and half-siblings. [39] Bly was the first woman and one of the first foreigners to visit the war zone between Serbia and Austria. Jarena Lee, 1849. Lib. It was for the Dispatch that she began using the pen name Nellie Bly, borrowed from a popular Stephen Foster song. She was 57 years of age. Following her marriage, she retired from journalism and became the president of her husband's Iron Clad Manufacturing Company. Conduct a close examination of. She used the pen name Nellie Bly, which she took from a well-known song at the time, Nelly Bly. Bly was a popular columnist, but she was limited to writing pieces that only addressed women and soon quit in dissatisfaction. And much of this has to do with her firsthand account of life in an insane asylum. Michael married twice. After her ten-days-in-a-madhouse stunt and her circumnavigation of the globefeats that would make her a household nameshe went on to do many other things. [46] The Girl Puzzle opened to the public in December, 2021. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. She regularly sent articles reporting about the lives and customs of Mexican people which were later published as a book titled, Six Months in Mexico. With Caroline Barry, Christopher Lambert, Kelly LeBrock, Julia Chantrey. Lutes, Jean Marie. Date accessed. A fireboat named Nellie Bly operated in Toronto, Canada, in the first decade of the 20th century. Nellie Bly Lesson for Kids: Biography & Facts. After ten days, the asylum released Bly at The World's behest. MLA Norwood, Arlisha and Mariana Brandman. Led by New York Assistant District Attorney Vernon M. Davis, with Bly assisting, the asylum investigation resulted in significant changes in New York City's Department of Public Charities and Corrections (later split into separate agencies). [47], The New York Press Club confers an annual Nellie Bly Cub Reporter journalism award to acknowledge the best journalistic effort by an individual with three years or fewer of professional experience. She also interviewed and wrote pieces on several prominent figures of the time, including Emma Goldman and Susan B. Anthony. Nellie Bly: Around the World in 72 Days. Senator John Heinz History Center. Nellie Bly: Around the World in 72 Days. Senator John Heinz History Center. For 72 days, as she jumped cargo ships, trains, tugboats, and rickshaws, newspaper readers had. "Pink Cochrane" was a great name, but almost every woman journalist writing in the 19th century used a pseudonym. Madden immediately offered her a job as a columnist. Elizabeth had fourteen siblings. Unknown photographer, A Typical Boomer Family, ca. In the piece, writer Erasmus Wilson (known to Dispatch readers as the "Quiet Observer," or Q.O.) Bly later enrolled at the Indiana Normal School, a small college in Indiana, Pennsylvania, where she studied to become a teacher. Nellie started boarding school but had to drop out after only one term since her parents did not have enough money to pay for the school. How many siblings did Amy Carmichael have? Ultimately, the costs of these benefits began to mount and drain her inheritance. Blys successful career reached new heights in 1889 when she decided to travel around the world after reading the popular book by Jules Verne, At the age of 30, Bly married millionaire Robert Seamen and retired from journalism. She was far and away the best-known woman journalist of her day. Her report was compiled into a book, Ten Days in a Mad-House (1887), and led to lasting institutional reforms. Cihak and Zima (photographer), Ida B. Wells-Barnett, ca. Nellie Bly tied the nuptial knot in 1895 with the millionaire manufacturer Robert Seaman. The park reopened in 2007[71] under new management, renamed "Adventurers Amusement Park". She wanted to write a story on the immigrant experience in the United States. Died: January 27, 1922, New York City, NY. After the fanfare of her trip around the world, Bly quit reporting and took a lucrative job writing serial novels for publisher Norman Munro's weekly New York Family Story Paper. Nellie Bly left New York for France on November 14, 1889. Elizabeths boss did not want to anger Pittsburghs elite and quickly reassigned her as a society columnist. Religious Experience and Journal of Mrs. Jarena Lee: giving an account of her call to preach the gospel, frontispiece. What might she have been able to do that men could not? American National Biography. Quick Quiz: Around The World With Nellie Bly. (Bly's record was beaten in 1890 by George Francis Train, who finished the trip in 67 days.). [15] In one report, she protested the imprisonment of a local journalist for criticizing the Mexican government, then a dictatorship under Porfirio Daz. Bly, Nellie. [2], Elizabeth Jane Cochran was born May 5, 1864,[3] in "Cochran's Mills", now part of Burrell Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. For the first 20 or so years of her life, Nellie Bly was known not as Nellie, nor as Elizabeth Jane Cochran, which was her birth name, but as "Pink," due to her fondness for the color, according to New World Encyclopedia. It shed light on the disturbing living condition of patients, the neglect on part of the authorities and the physical abuse meted out to patients. [74], Cover of the 1890 board game Round the World with Nellie Bly. Into the Madhouse with Nellie Bly: Girl Stunt Reporting in the Late Nineteenth Century America., Nellie Bly PBS: American Experience, Accessed 23 March 23, 2017, http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/world/peopleevents/pande01.html. [11], As a writer, Nellie Bly focused her early work for the Pittsburgh Dispatch on the lives of working women, writing a series of investigative articles on women factory workers. How many siblings did Ruth Bader Ginsburg have? Ten Days in the Madhouse. Similar reportorial gambits took her into sweatshops, jails, and the legislature (where she exposed bribery in the lobbyist system). All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Pace, Lawson. no. [29][30] During her travels around the world, Bly went through England, France (where she met Jules Verne in Amiens), Brindisi, the Suez Canal, Colombo (in Ceylon), the Straits Settlements of Penang and Singapore, Hong Kong, and Japan. [68], Bly is one of 100 women featured in the first version of the book Good Night Stories for Rebel Girls written by Elena Favilli & Francesca Cavallo.

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