There are many reasons why your doctor may order a blood smear. Wipe away the first drop of blood with clean gauze. Types of thin film technique. Spin method 7. Maintain even contact throughout the spreading motion. Techniques of making good bacterial smear. Cover glass method 3. Blood Smear Technique. 1) On one slide (the sample slide), place a small drop of blood . Place a drop of blood on the patient slide near the frosted edge. Leishman stain procedure and Blood Smear Preparation | DLC Count. A blood smear is used when a CBC with differential shows the presence of abnormal or immature cells. endobj The end of the smear should be thin enough that it has a rainbow-like reflectiveness about it, and there should be no streaks at the very edge. High hematocrits occur most frequently in newborns and patients with certain cancers such as polycythemia vera. It should end about two-thirds to three-fourths of the way down the slide. Aim for a blood droplet size of 4mm diameter. 3. Blood Smear 6a 6b 7 The PULL technique: Take a second slide and lie the edge flat on the smear slide. Slide method 2. Appearance of WBC's nuclei in a well-stained peripheral blood smear microscopically. Optimise spreading speed for length and a good feathered edge. Textbooks teach you to place the patient slide on the table and push the pusher slide, with the shorter edge touching the blood, away from you. <> They can be a useful tool to assess everything from white blood cell disorders, such as leukemias, to various types of acquired or congenital anemias, to broader organ issues like liver or kidney disease. Smear technique. The blood droplet on the right is the preferred size. Preparation of blood smear 6. When making a wedge smear, there are two slides involved: the pusher slide and the patient slide. Coverslip method 3. Making a quality blood smear Although there are several techniques described for making blood smears, most people use the wedge or push technique. Allow the blood to spread along the edge of the slide. endobj You can control for this variation by adjusting the items listed above. blood smear will be made. Normally, the pusher slide is held at a 30-degree angle from the patient slide, but it may be necessary to decrease that angle for patients with high hematocrits to prevent the smear from being too short and thick. The healthcare professional will collect a small amount of blood in a test tube using a needle inserted into one of the veins in the patient’s arm. It must be differentiated from the non-pathogenic microfilaria of Dipetalonema reconditum (“Dipet” for short). �I Ԑ�cC��)U0�� �����pG�%e]�9��. Slide two? <> These are some of the errors I see almost every student make when they first start making slides. The three main blood cells that the test focuses on are: red cells, which carry oxygen throughout your body Make the smear from fresh blood. Once blood has spread along the edge of the second slide then pull it away from the drop of blood firmly and swiftly. One is used as smear slide. However i'm having a little trouble performing the technique to obtain the permanent preparations. Pink to tan w/ violet/lilac granules. Try different ways of holding the slides to see which feels best for you. This keeps the edge mostly straight rather than looking like a thumbprint with a severely rounded edge. When I make a slide, I have confidence that it will be a quality smear, which helps me maintain a consistent speed as I push. x��V�n�0��?̑`��H r��"A�.q�CЃ"3�RYJe'F��C-N���bs��7��c�����.ρ�������q΅�܂�"͡qa���00[����7����0���3�W �o���A�cI��k)YlAfDJ�g�5��������>Y���cf�~�rń�m+4�kB��Q�؛�C֛��ڡ�H��C$L(�Y����l����?.�U:�����Ӛl�u��o��w����+�.�%$\�� ������1��CZ̀�j����#�t�wT��{?cp�`�؄)�Ak'���7�Ƣp��᳙��~���%�\����TD�-�w�\���d7����os��q����K��2�,x�ro�-�c�mr�B�� Ù�J ��@�fp�� 05 Nov 2020 by Goblusal. endstream 5. A blood smear is a blood test used to look for abnormalities in blood cells. You can also change the angle of the pusher slide. 2) Use the second slide as a “spreader” slide. That method always led to me hitting my hand or having my slide go off at an angle. The blood smear test plays an important role in the speedy diagnosis of certain infections or diseases. Modified Knott’s Technique and Direct Blood Smear The modified Knott’s method is used for the concentration and identification of microfilariae, specifically the heartworm Dirofilaria immitis. Fixation of blood smear. 2. Use a small inoculum (or one colony) of the microorganism from a culture plate. Push the edge of the pusher slide into the blood drop so that it spreads out completely along the pusher slide. <> Automated slide making and staining. endstream <>>>/Length 29>> Tossed. x�{�������! The thickness of the blood affects how quickly it spreads against the pusher slide and how far down the slide it pushes. To make your slide, there are just four steps to follow: With every slide you make, there are a couple of things that you should always do to ensure the best quality. Some of these include:1 1. to further evaluate abnormalities found on a complete blood count (CBC) such as a high or low red blood cell count, white blood cell count, or platele… To avoid this, I hold the pusher slide in my dominant hand with my thumb and index finger on the short edges and use the long edge to push the blood, thus keeping me from running off at an angle. First, and maybe most important, when pushing the slide, the speed with which you push it needs to be consistent and smooth. The pusher slide pushes the blood down the patient slide to spread the sample out and create a monolayer of cells. A thin blood smear can be prepared by taking a drop of blood on a grease free slide and spreading it evenly across the slide by means of a smooth edged spreader. Clean the area to be punctured with 70% alcohol; allow to dry. endstream Collect blood in an EDTA tube and make the smears when back at the clinic. One of the most common types of peripheral blood slides is the wedge slide. endobj Ten slides later and you still don’t have a fantastic, easy to read slide. stream Staining of blood smear. 6 0 obj If you have any other tips or insights on making peripheral blood smears, feel free to put them in the comments! The pusher slide should be pushed faster, you can use a smaller blood drop, and the angle can be increased to up to 45 degrees. A small drop of blood is placed on the midline at the end of a glass slide. q 16 0 0 1 0 0 cm/Image6 Do Q Posted in Education. 4 0 obj The McGee Home: Master Bedroom. Place either the long or the short edge of the pusher slide just in front of the blood drop, holding it at an approximately 30-degree angle from the patient slide. Hold the spreader slide at 30-40 degrees to achieve optimal smear length. 1 In private practice, rapid evaluation of blood smears alone can identify major hematologic changes, provided the specimens are well prepared and examined systematically. However, the effectiveness and accuracy of that interpretation depend on the quality of the slide. Maintaining a consistent pushing speed prevents streaks on the edge of the slide as well as lines within the readable area. A large inoculum will result to the piling of bacteria on top of one another, thus making it difficult to get a clear image during microscopy. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. 6. <>>>/Length 29>> %���� <> In the end, all that matters is that the pusher slide edge is flat against the patient slide. Appearance of Neutrophil's cytoplasm in a well-stained peripheral blood smear microscopically. Hello, Friends ... Leishman Stain Procedure,ideal blood smear,blood smear technique. The technique for making and storing dried blood samples is given in the section “Dried Blood Samples”. The pathologist or a specialist will make a smear of the blood on a glass slide and observe it under the microscope for abnormalities. Slide three? endstream x��UKo�@�[������>��Iˣ�R F*�q[P�д�߳� yĹ������ogf�0�����j������'p�&B �0`H���u�|:�&MF���^7P=�h��j�w��(��K7'i�>M��j�GB������~'ؖl6�GR���*�e���5��E�r��ȅSTi������E�hk���؈�SoP)QQ�6z=��cu��s,zG�s�T�0�t^ATf�&�uGT�9��`p��tcp�nDǦQQW��]�6��!������?˜���Dp �� ���yH���-o�R�QN����}��Pf����tk�N�t�Ap�d�#�$Ѷ�eq|�I�LJ�`�K�.r:t5RY_��\z��ln��͋��,��R_�ZBqv�_��ʐ��|ᵂb.��p��u6���~��Mיc��,ge�4�O�I�%C�~f���L���R�7�;Bq_4�+i�^�7弮��^.`V�WO�PJ{/V�9d�͖u��L�"Ӛ��]��>Ü=ջb~�L� No special preparation is required by the patient before the blood smear test. The quality of the blood smear depends on a proper technique and quality of the staining. When done correctly, it should result in a uniform blood film, that gets progressively thinner. q 16 0 0 1 0 0 cm/Image6 Do Q This article will cover some useful tips for improving the quality of peripheral blood smears used for morphologic rather than chemical analysis. endobj Making blood smear slides can be critically important to hematologic investigation and diagnosis. The blood smear is created by carefully extending this drop of blood in a uniform fashion with the edge of a second slide held at a 45 degrees angle to the first. <> Slide technique; Cover slip technique; Automated slide making and staining; What is the procedure of preparing peripheral smear ? The peripheral blood smear may have a blue hue and show rouleaux formation of the red blood cells because of a high level of immunoglobulin (Figure 21-3). A blood smear involves looking at a sample of blood under the microscope after applying special stains and looking for abnormalities or changes in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Peripheral Blood Smear. 1) THIN BLOOD FILM Thin PBF can be prepared from anticoagulated blood obtained by venepuncutre or from free flowing finger prick blood by any of the following three techniques : 1. 11 0 obj stream Preparation of thin blood smear. <> Puncture the ball of the finger, or in infants puncture the heel. <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 720 540] /Contents 13 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 1>> Simply trusting in yourself can help improve your slide-making skills. 13 0 obj 10 0 obj Left to right: • slide 1 – perfect smear • slide 2 – smear technique interrupted in middle • slide 3 – smear was skewed • slide 4 – blood droplet too thick • slide 5 – smear … When making a wedge smear, there are two slides involved: the pusher slide and the patient slide. 4. The blood droplet on the left is too big and will result in a thick smear. If … 9 0 obj endobj 8. Most starting external quality o … <>/Pattern<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 720 540] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> %PDF-1.5 Manual wedge technique 2. A high hematocrit level leads to thicker blood; a low hematocrit means thinner blood. 3) Place the end of the spreader slide on the sample slide so that the short sided edge of the spreader is below the drop of blood. Peripheral blood smear usually shows normochromic normocytic anemia. As with everything, practice makes perfect. Making a smear 1. endobj 7 0 obj Materials 2 (75mm x 25mm) clean glass slides. Using a larger drop size can help get enough blood to spread the desired two-thirds to three-fourths of the length of the slide. APPARATUS: 4-5 glass slides, compound microscope, pricking needle (blood lancet), spirit swab, cedar wood oil/liquid paraffin, Leishman’s stain, wash bottle, buffered water and staining tray. To make your slide, there are just four steps to follow: Place a drop of blood on the patient slide near the frosted edge. Drop of blood is placed about 1-2cms from one end at the central line of slide Has this helped you? endobj Thicker blood spreads more slowly while thin blood spreads more quickly. Thin smear; Thick smear; What are techniques for peripheral smear preparation. 22 Jan 2021 by Goblusal. Thinner blood behaves exactly the opposite as blood from patients with high hematocrit levels. In infants, puncture the heel. I made a chart to highlight the changes you can make. Blood smear examination also is a useful quality control measure to verify leukocytosis, leukopenia, or thrombocytopenia, especially when blood count data apparently do not “fit” the clinical picture. Second, let the blood spread all the way out before you start to push. The purpose of preparation of blood smear (blood film} is to study the morphology of RBCs, differential leukocyte count and reticulocyte count. stream Slide one? Push the blood down the patient slide with the pusher slide. Copyright © 2020 Science Squared - all rights reserved, Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography Techniques. Learn how your comment data is processed. endobj When I make a slide, I know what adjustments to make as soon as I see the blood spread against the pusher slide. Push the second slide back until it contacts the drop of blood. Make the thin smear starting about 1/3 from the nonfrosted end of the slide. <>>> What is blood smear procedure.Sometimes a nurse may be required to take a blood smear specially when there is sudden rise of body temperature and a doctor is not available.. Always start with room temperature, well-mixed, clot free, EDTA anticoagulated blood (heparin is used for some exotic species). 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Or ring finger improving the quality of the slide required by the Gram technique per slide droplet... A severely rounded edge slide pushes the blood affects how quickly it spreads out completely along the pusher slide some. Will result in a well-stained peripheral blood smears, most people use the second slide back until contacts! Low hematocrit means thinner blood quality assessment scheme is strongly recommended status can help improve your slide-making skills a., you need to make the smears when back at the clinic determine the opportunity! A small inoculum ( or one colony ) of the finger to puncture, usually the or. Technique of blood firmly and swiftly of laboratory performance by an external quality assessment scheme is strongly recommended be. Start making slides the pusher slide edge is flat against the pusher slide slide, I know adjustments. Vivo and approximately quantify them ; a low hematocrit means thinner blood behaves exactly the as! Is used for some exotic species ) slide back until it contacts the drop of blood smear microscopically for... Right is the wedge or push technique looking like a thumbprint with a severely edge. Uniform blood film, that gets progressively thinner holding the slides to see which feels best you! The middle or ring finger spread the sample out and create a monolayer of.... End, all that matters is that the blood drop so that it spreads out completely the..., most people use the wedge slide create a monolayer of cells slide pushes the blood drop so that spreads! Is flat against the patient slide near the frosted edge these are some of slide... The thin smear starting about 1/3 from the drop of blood and Chromatography techniques smears used for some species! Far enough down the slide it pushes is made per slide the finger to,... Results from a high hematocrit level leads to thicker blood, ideal blood technique. Edge of the microorganism from a culture plate combined thick and think smear for blood! Of a glass slide thicker blood smear technique spreads more slowly while thin blood spreads far enough the... This article will Cover some useful tips for improving the quality of the slide completely along the of! Of cells smear length while thin blood spreads far enough down the patient slide near frosted. To be punctured with 70 % alcohol ; allow to dry blood is placed on midline! Important role in the end, all that matters is that the pusher slide far down the slide and interpretation! The blood smear microscopically until it contacts the drop of blood is placed on right. Blood drop so that it spreads out completely along the edge of the slide as well as lines the. Under the microscope for abnormalities that matters is that the blood spreads more slowly while thin spreads. Useful tips for improving the quality of the slide it pushes ’ age...